Standard Deviation Calculator

Calculate mean, variance, and standard deviation for a data set, population or sample.

Standard deviation

About this tool

Paste a set of numbers to get the standard deviation along with the mean, variance, count, sum, range, and the mean absolute deviation. Choose "sample" when your data is a subset drawn from a larger group (this divides by n − 1, Bessel's correction) or "population" when it's the entire group (divides by n). Every step is computed in your browser.

Frequently asked questions

Sample or population — which do I pick?
If you measured every member of the group you care about, use population. If you measured a sample and want to estimate the wider group's spread, use sample. When unsure, sample is the safer default and the one most statistics courses expect.
How is variance related to standard deviation?
Variance is the average of the squared differences from the mean; standard deviation is its square root, which puts the spread back into the original units.
What counts as a valid number?
Integers and decimals, negative or positive, plus scientific notation like 1.2e3. Anything that can't be parsed is listed in the hint and skipped.